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19-3817; Rev 0; 5/06 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface General Description The MAX5406 stereo audio processor provides a complete audio solution with volume, balance, bass, and treble controls. It features dual 32-tap logarithmic potentiometers for volume control, dual potentiometers for balance control, and linear digital potentiometers for tone control. A simple debounced pushbutton interface controls all functions. The MAX5406 advances the wiper setting once per button push. Maxim's proprietary SmartWiperTM control eliminates the need for a microcontroller (C) to increase the wiper transition rate. Holding the control input low for more than 1s advances the wiper at a rate of 4Hz for 4s and 16Hz thereafter. An integrated click/pop suppression feature eliminates the audible noise generated by the wiper's movements. The MAX5406 provides a subwoofer output that internally combines the left and right channels. An external filter capacitor allows for a customized cut-off frequency for the subwoofer output. A bass-boost mode enhances the low-frequency response of the left and right channels. An integrated bias amplifier generates the required (VDD + VSS) / 2 bias voltage, eliminating the need for external op amps for unipolar operation. The MAX5406 also features ambience control to enhance the separation of the left- and right-channel outputs for headphones and desktop speakers systems, and a pseudostereo feature that approximates stereo sound from a monophonic signal. The MAX5406 is available in a 7mm x 7mm, 48-pin TQFN package and in a 48-pin TSSOP package and is specified over the extended (-40C to +85C) temperature range. Features Audio Processor Including All Op Amps and Pots for Volume, Balance, Mute, Bass, Treble, Ambience, Pseudostereo, and Subwoofer 32-Tap Volume Control (2dB Steps) Small, 7mm x 7mm, 48-Pin TQFN and 48-Pin TSSOP Packages Single +2.7V to +5.5V or Dual 2.7V Supply Operation Clickless Switching and Control Mute Function to < -90dB (typ) Channel Isolation > -70dB (typ) Two Sets of Single-Ended or Differential Stereo Inputs Can Be Used for Summing/Mixing Debounced Pushbutton Interface Works with Momentary Contact Switches or Microprocessors (Ps) Low 0.2A (typ) Shutdown Supply Current Shutdown Stores All Control Settings 0.02% (typ) THD into 10k Load, 25VRMS (typ) Output Noise Internally Generated 1/2 Full-Scale Bias Voltage for Single-Ended Applications Power-On Volume Setting to -20dB Internal Passive RF Filters for Analog Inputs Prevent High Frequencies from Reaching the Speakers MAX5406 Applications Automotive Rear-Seat Entertainment (RSE) Desktop Speakers Portable Audio PDAs or MP3 Player Docking Stations Karaoke Machines Flat-Screen TVs PART MAX5406EUM Ordering Information TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C PINPACKAGE 48 TSSOP PKG CODE U48-1 T4877-6 MAX5406ETM* -40C to +85C 48 TQFN *Future product--contact factory for availability. Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet. SmartWiper is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com. Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS L1_H, L1_L, L2_H, L2_L to VSS .......................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V R1_H, R1_L, R2_H, R2_L to VSS .......................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V AMB, BALL, BALR, VOLUP, VOLDN, MUTE, SHDN, BASSDN, BASSUP, TREBDN, TREBUP to DGND .............-0.3V to the lower of (VLOGIC + 0.3V) or +6V CTL_, CTR_, CBL_, CBR_, CLS_, CRS_, CSUB, CBIAS, CMSNS, AMBLI, AMBRI, BIAS to VSS .......................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V LOUT, ROUT, SUBOUT, LMR, LPR to VSS................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V VDD to VSS ................................................................-0.3V to +6V VDD to VLOGIC........................................................................6V VLOGIC to DGND ......................................................-0.3V to +6V DGND to VSS ............................................................-0.3V to +6V LOUT, ROUT, SUBOUT Short Circuited to VSS .........Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 48-Pin TQFN (derate 27.8mW/C above +70C) ........2222mW 48-Pin TSSOP (derate 16mW/C above +70C) .........1282mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-60C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L = VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15F, CCLS = CCRS = 1F, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS = 0.1F, CCBIAS = 50F (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C). (Note1) PARAMETER Signal-Inputs Input Resistance Signal-Inputs Input Capacitance RF Rejection SYMBOL RIN CIN CONDITIONS With respect to VBIAS With respect to VBIAS 2MHz to 2.4GHz two-tone test, 2/2.01MHz input to 10kHz out VDD = +5V, VSS = 0, VCM = VBIAS, gain error -0.5dB VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, VCM = VBIAS, gain error -0.5dB VDD = +5V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VDD / 2, VDIFF = 100mV VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, VBIAS = 0, VDIFF = 100mV Internally generated (VCMSNS = VSS) L_ _H = R_ _H = VBIAS, L_ _L = R_ _L = open, VCMSNS = VDD (Note 2) (Note 2) (Note 2) (Note 2) (Note 2) (Note 2) (Note 2) -63 -0.5 10 -4 -4.5 RINH RINL MIN 8 16 TYP 10 20 5 20 +4 V +4.5 MAX UNITS k pF dBc Differential Input Voltage Range VIN Common-Mode Input Voltage Range VCM VSS + 0.5V VDD - 0.5V V Bias Voltage Bias-Voltage Input Current AUDIO PROCESSING FUNCTIONS Maximum Balance Difference Minimum Balance Difference Balance Resolution Maximum Volume Attenuation Minimum Volume Attenuation Volume Resolution Volume-Control Steps VBIAS (VDD + VSS) / 2 1 V mA 12 0 2 -62 0 2 32 14 dB dB dB -59 +0.5 dB dB dB steps 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L = VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15F, CCLS = CCRS = 1F, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS = 0.1F, CCBIAS = 50F (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C). (Note1) PARAMETER Gain Matching of Input 1 to Input 2 of Each Channel Gain Matching of Left to Right Channel Bass-Boost Range Bass-Cut Range Treble-Boost Range Treble-Cut Range Bass-Boost/-Cut Steps Treble-Boost/-Cut Steps Bass End-to-End Resistance Treble End-to-End Resistance Bass Series Resistance Treble Series Resistance Mute Attenuation Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Interchannel Crosstalk ROUT/LOUT OUTPUTS Maximum Load Capacitance Output-Voltage Swing Output Offset Voltage Short-Circuit Output Current Output Resistance CLOAD VOUTP-P VOOS ISC R_OUT RL = 10k, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, volume = 0dB, RL = 10k, inputs = VBIAS Shorted to VSS ILOAD = 100A to 500A -2.3 -30 0 15 10 100 +2.3 +30 pF V mV mA RBPOT RTPOT RB RT SYMBOL CONDITIONS Volume = 0dB (Note 2) Volume = 0dB (Note 2) fBASS = 1kHz, treble = 0dB, CCB_ = open, CCT_ = open (Note 3) fBASS = 1kHz, treble = 0dB, CCB_ = open, CCT_ = open (Note 3) fTREBLE = 1kHz, bass = 0dB, CCB_ = open, CCT_ = short (Note 3) fTREBLE = 1kHz, bass = 0dB, CCB_ = open, CCT_ = short (Note 3) Max boost to max cut Max boost to max cut MIN -0.1 -0.1 10 10 10 10 14 14 15 15 21 21 116 17 40 3.5 -90 TYP MAX +0.1 +0.1 UNITS dB dB dB dB dB dB steps steps k k k k dB MAX5406 AC PERFORMANCE (VIN = 1VP-P, RL = 10k, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, volume = 0dB, treble = bass = 0dB) THD+N (Notes 4, 5) L to R or R to L 0.02 -70 0.05 % dB _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX5406 (VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L = VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15F, CCLS = CCRS = 1F, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS = 0.1F, CCBIAS = 50F (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C). (Note1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS, mute on, noise measured at LOUT and ROUT (Notes 2, 4, 5) Output Noise en fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS, mute off, volume = 0dB, noise measured at LOUT and ROUT (Notes 2, 4, 5) Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SUBWOOFER OUTPUT Gain Highpass Filter Cutoff Frequency Internal Highpass Cutoff Resistance Lowpass Filter Cutoff Frequency Internal Lowpass Cutoff Resistance Maximum Load Capacitance Output-Voltage Swing Output Offset Voltage Short-Circuit Output Current Output Resistance RSUB CSUBLOAD VSUBOUTP-P RL = 10k, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VSUBOOS ISUBSC RSUBOUT VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, volume = 0dB, RL = 10k Shorted to VSS ILOAD = 100A to 500A fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS, mute on, noise measured at SUBOUT (Notes 2, 4, 5) fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS, volume = 0dB, mute off, noise measured at SUBOUT (Notes 2, 4, 5) 100mVP-P at 217Hz on VDD 100mVP-P at 1kHz on VDD 9 -2.3 -15 0 12 10 11 VRMS 25 -70 -65 50 Figures 2a, 11a, 11b Figure 2b, 11a, 11b Figure 3 Figure 3 Figure 3 Figure 3 30 40 1 4 4 16 35 R_S (VL1_H - VL1_L ) to (VSUBOUT - VBIAS), volume = 0dB (Note 2) Volume = 0dB Figure 12 Volume = 0dB Figure 12 -6 15 13.8 100 10.6 100 +2.3 +15 dB Hz k Hz k pF V mV mA PSRR 100mVP-P at 217Hz on VDD 100mVP-P at 1kHz on VDD 25 -70 -65 35 MIN TYP 3.5 MAX 9.5 VRMS UNITS dB Output Noise en Power-Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR dB PUSHBUTTON CONTACT INPUTS (MUTE, AMB, VOLUP, VOLDN, BALL, BALR, BASSUP, BASSDN, TREBUP, TREBDN) Internal Pullup Resistor Single-Pulse Input Low Time Repetitive Input Pulse Separation Time First Autoincrement Point First Autoincrement Rate Second Autoincrement Point Second Autoincrement Rate RPU tLPW tHPW tA1 fA1 tA2 fA2 k ms ms s Hz s Hz 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L = VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15F, CCLS = CCRS = 1F, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS = 0.1F, CCBIAS = 50F (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C). (Note1) PARAMETER Input-Voltage High Input-Voltage Low SHDN Input-Voltage High SHDN Input-Voltage Low Input Leakage Current Input Capacitance Input-Voltage High Input-Voltage Low SHDN Input-Voltage High SHDN Input-Voltage Low Input Leakage Current Input Capacitance TIMING CHARACTERISTICS Wiper Settling Time tWS Click/pop suppression inactive, Figures 2a, 11a, 11b 45 ms 5 VIH VIL VIHSHDN VILSHDN 2 0.6 5 2 0.6 5 SYMBOL VIH VIL VIHSHDN VILSHDN 3.4 0.8 5 CONDITIONS MIN 2.4 0.8 TYP MAX UNITS V V V V A pF V V V V A pF DIGITAL INPUTS (VLOGIC > 3.6V) (MUTE, AMB, VOLUP, VOLDN, BALL, BALR, BASSUP, BASSDN, TREBUP, TREBDN) MAX5406 DIGITAL INPUTS (VLOGIC 3.6V) (MUTE, AMB, VOLUP, VOLDN, BALL, BALR, BASSUP, BASSDN, TREBUP, TREBDN) POWER SUPPLIES (VCMSNS = VSS, internal bias enabled) Supply-Voltage Difference Positive Analog Supply Voltage Negative Analog Supply Voltage Dual-Supply Positive Supply Voltage Active Positive Supply Current VDD - VSS VDD VSS VDD VSS = -2.7V No signal, all logic inputs pulled high to VLOGIC or unconnected, SHDN = VLOGIC, RL = 10k (Note 6) No signal, all logic inputs connected to DGND or VLOGIC, VDD = +5V, VSS = 0 ISS No signal, all logic inputs connected to DGND or VLOGIC, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V No signal, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0, all logic inputs connected to DGND or VLOGIC, SHDN = DGND No signal, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, all logic at DGND or VLOGIC, SHDN = DGND IDD ISS -13 +2.7 -2.7 0 +5.5 +5.5 0 +2.7 V V V V IDD 10 13 mA -10 mA Active Negative Supply Current (Note 6) -13 -10 0.2 A 0.2 50 Shutdown Supply Current (Note 6) ISHDN _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L = VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15F, CCLS = CCRS = 1F, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS = 0.1F, CCBIAS = 50F (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C). (Note1) PARAMETER Power-Up Time Wake-Up Time Logic Supply Voltage Logic Active Supply Current SYMBOL tPU tWU VLOGIC ILOGIC CONDITIONS Power first applied, _OUT = -20dB From shutdown (Note 7) DGND = 0, VLOGIC VDD No signal, one button pressed, remaining logic inputs connected to VLOGIC or unconnected No signal, all logic inputs connected to VLOGIC or unconnected, SHDN = DGND (Note 6) 0.2 +2.7 MIN TYP 1 1 VDD 150 MAX UNITS s s V A Logic Shutdown Supply Current 2 A Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: Note 7: All devices 100% production tested at TA = +85C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design. Treble = bass = 0dB. CCB_ = open, CCT_ = short, left input signal = right input signal = +2V. See Tables 3 and 4 and Figure 7. VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V. Guaranteed by design. Measured with A-weighted filter. Supply current measured while attenuator position is fixed. Set _OUT = 0dB and shutdown device SHDN = 0. tWU is the time required for _OUT to reach 0dB after SHDN goes high. Typical Operating Characteristics (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) ATTENUATION vs. TAP POSITION MAX5406 toc01a ATTENUATION vs. TAP POSITION MAX5406 toc01b BAXANDALL CURVE VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 TREBLE = BASS MAX5406 toc02a 0 -10 ATTENUATION (dB) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 0 4 8 12 16 20 TAP POSITION 24 28 VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 VOLUP = 0dB 0 VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V -10 ATTENUATION (dB) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 15 10 5 GAIN (dB) 0 -5 -10 -15 CCB_ = 10nF CCT_ = 2.2nF 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100,000 32 0 4 8 12 16 20 TAP POSITION 24 28 32 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) BAXANDALL CURVE MAX5406 toc02b BAXANDALL CURVE CCB_ = 10nF CCT_ = 2.2nF VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 BASS = 0dB MAX5406 toc02c BAXANDALL CURVE MAX5406 toc02d 20 15 10 GAIN (dB) VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VIN = 0.5VP-P BASS = TREBLE 15 10 5 GAIN (dB) 0 -5 -10 15 10 5 GAIN (dB) 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 CCB_ = 10nF CCT_ = 2.2nF VDD = VLOGIC =2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VIN = 0.5VP-P BASS = 0dB 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100,000 CCB_ = 10nF CCT_ = 2.2nF -15 -20 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100,000 100,000 BAXANDALL CURVE MAX5406 toc02e BAXANDALL CURVE MAX5406 toc02f SINGLE-SUPPLY SUBOUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE 0 DUAL INPUTS -10 GAIN (dB) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 MAX5406 toc03a 15 10 5 GAIN (dB) 0 -5 -10 -15 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) CCB_ = 10nF CCT_ = 2.2nF VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 TREBLE = 0dB 20 15 10 GAIN (dB) 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 CCB_ = 10nF CCT_ = 2.2nF VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VIN = 0.5VP-P TREBLE = 0dB 10 100,000 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100,000 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100,000 DUAL-SUPPLIES SUBOUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE MAX5406 toc03b LOUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE MAX5406 toc03c DUAL-SUPPLIES LOUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE 5 0 -5 GAIN (dB) -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VOLUP = 0dB MAX5406 toc03d 10 DUAL INPUTS 0 -10 GAIN (dB) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 10 100 1000 10,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VOLUP = 0dB 10 5 0 -5 GAIN (dB) -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 VOLUP = 0dB 10 100,000 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) DUAL-SUPPLIES ROUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE MAX5406 toco3e MAX5406 toc03f ROUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE 5 0 -5 GAIN (dB) -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 VOLUP = 0dB GAIN (dB) 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 10 PSRR vs. FREQUENCY 0 -10 -20 PSRR (dB) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 0.1 VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 100mVP-P ON VDD MAX5406 toc4a VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V VOLUP = 0dB 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1,000 PSRR vs. FREQUENCY 10 0 -10 -20 PSRR (dB) VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V 100mVP-P ON POSITIVE SUPPLY MAX5406 toc4b PSRR vs. FREQUENCY 10 0 -10 -20 PSRR (dB) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V 100mVP-P ON NEGATIVE SUPPLY MAX5406 toc4c OUTPUT SWING vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 4.5 4.0 OUTPUT SWING (V) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION VDD = VLOGIC, THD = 0.02% AT 1kHz MAX5406 toc5a 5.0 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1,000 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1,000 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 VDD (V) OUTPUT SWING vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX5406 toc5b TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE (IDD + ILOGIC) VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 11.5 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 5 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (C) 60 85 -40 INACTIVE MODE, NO BUTTON PUSHED ACTIVE MODE, ONE BUTTON PUSHED MAX5406 toc06a TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE (IDD + ILOGIC) VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT: IDD + ILOGIC 13 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) ACTIVE MODE (ONE BUTTON PUSHED) MAX5406 toc06b 5.0 4.5 4.0 OUTPUT SWING (V) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 DUAL-SUPPLY OPERATION VLOGIC = VDD, THD = 0.02% AT 1kHz 12.0 15 11 INACTIVE MODE (NO BUTTON PUSHED) 9 7 5.5 -15 (VDD - VSS) (V) 10 35 TEMPERATURE (C) 60 85 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) WIPER SWITCHING TRANSIENT (SUPPRESSION CIRCUIT ACTIVE) MAX5406 toc07b WIPER SWITCHING TRANSIENT MAX5406 toc07a ILOGIC vs. VLOGIC 180 160 VOLUP 140 ILOGIC (A) 120 100 80 60 OUTPUT 40 20 0 VDD = 5.5V, VSS = 0 ACTIVE MODE (ONE BUTTON PUSHED) 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 VLOGIC (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 TA = +25C TA = +85C TA = -40C MAX5406 toc08a DC LEVEL AT THE INPUT OUTPUT 5VP-P SINE WAVE BETWEEN L1_H AND L1_L 200 10s/div 4ms/div ILOGIC vs. VLOGIC MAX5406 toc08b THD PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX5406 toc09a THD PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7 VIN = 4.6VP-P MAX5406 toc09b 1 VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = GND VIN = 4.6VP-P 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2.7 0.1 VDD = 5.5V, VSS = 0 INACTIVE MODE (NO BUTTON PUSHED) THD+N (%) TA = -40C 0.1 ILOGIC (nA) THD+N (%) RL = 10k TA = +25C RL = 10k 0.01 NO LOAD TA = +85C 0.001 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 VLOGIC (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 0.01 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10 100 0.01 0.01 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 100 NO LOAD CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY 0 -10 -20 CROSSTALK (dB) VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0, VIN = 1VP-P, RL = 10k CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY 0 -10 -20 CROSSTALK (dB) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 MAX5406 toc10b TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (IDD + ILOGIC) 11.5 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.1 5.5 TA = -40C TA = +85C VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 ACTIVE MODE, ONE BUTTON PUSHED TA = +25C MAX5406 toc11a MAX5406 toc10a 12.0 VDD = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, VLOGIC = 2.5V, VIN = 1VP-P, RL = 10k -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (IDD + ILOGIC) MAX5406 toc11b LOUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY 1.9 1.7 1.5 NOISE (VRMS/Hz) 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.1 MUTE ON MUTE OFF VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V MAX5406 toc12a 12.0 11.5 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.1 TA = +85C TA = -40C TA = +25C VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0 INACTIVE MODE, NO BUTTON PUSHED 5.5 0.01 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10 100 ROUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX5406 toc12b SUBOUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY 1.8 1.6 NOISE (VRMS/Hz) 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V MAX5406 toc12c 1.9 1.7 1.5 NOISE (VRMS/Hz) 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.1 2 VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V MUTE ON MUTE OFF 0.01 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10 100 0.01 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10 100 INPUT RF REJECTION 10kHz OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (f2-f1) = 10kHz(dBm) -10 -30 -50 -70 -90 -110 1 10 100 1000 10000 f1 FREQUENCY (MHz) VOLUME = 0dB VDD = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V INPUT = 200mVP-P AT L1_H MAX5406 toc13 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface Pin Description PIN TSSOP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TQFN 43 44 45 46 47 48 1 NAME CBIAS VSS L1_H L1_L L2_L L2_H LMR FUNCTION Bypass Capacitor Connection Point to Internally Generated Bias. Bypass CBIAS with a 50F capacitor to system analog ground. Negative Power-Supply Input. Bypass with a 0.1F capacitor to system analog ground. Left-Channel 1 High Terminal Input. Connect the source between L1_H and L1_L for differential signals. Connect the source to L1_H and tie L1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Left-Channel 1 Low Terminal Input. Connect the source between L1_H and L1_L for differential signals. Connect L1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Left-Channel 2 Low Terminal Input. Connect the source between L2_H and L2_L for differential signals. Connect L2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Left-Channel 2 High Terminal Input. Connect the source between L2_H and L2_L for differential signals. Connect the source to L2_H and tie L2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Left Minus Right Output Signal. LMR output provides a signal that is the difference of left and right input signals. See the Ambience Control section for more details. Ambience Left-Channel Input. AMBLI provides the proper ambient effect at LOUT based on the transfer function implemented between LMR and AMBLI. See the Ambience Control section for more details. Left-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CTL1 and CTL2 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details. Left-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a capacitor between CTL2 and CTL1 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details. Left-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CBL1 and CBL2 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details. Left-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a capacitor between CBL2 and CBL1 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details. Left-Channel Output Subwoofer Left-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Negative Terminal. Connect a capacitor between CLSN and CLSP to set the highpass cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details. Subwoofer Left-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Positive Terminal. Connect a capacitor between CLSP and CLSN to set the highpass filter cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details. Subwoofer Output. Connect a capacitor from SUBOUT to CSUB to set the lowpass filter cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details. Subwoofer Lowpass Filter Capacitor Terminal. Connect a filter capacitor between CSUB and SUBOUT to set the lowpass filter cutoff frequency. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details. Internally Connected. Connect to DGND. MAX5406 8 2 AMBLI 9 10 11 12 13 14 3 4 5 6 7 8 CTL1 CTL2 CBL1 CBL2 LOUT CLSN 15 9 CLSP 16 17 18, 32 10 11 12, 26 SUBOUT CSUB I.C. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Pin Description (continued) PIN TSSOP 19 TQFN 13 NAME FUNCTION Active-Low Mute Control Input. Toggles state between muted and not muted. When in the mute state, all wipers are moved to the low end of the volume potentiometers. The last state is restored when MUTE is toggled again. The power-on state is not muted. MUTE is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. Active-Low Downward Volume Control Input. Press VOLDN to decrease the volume. This simultaneously moves left and right volume wipers towards higher attenuation. VOLDN is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. Active-Low Upward Volume Control Input. Press VOLUP to increase the volume. This simultaneously moves the left and right volume wipers towards the the lower attenuation. VOLUP is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. Active-Low Left Balance Control Input. Press BALL to move the balance towards the left channel. BALL is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. Active-Low Right Balance Control Input. Press BALR to move the balance towards the right channel. BALR is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. Digital Ground Digital Power-Supply Input. Bypass with 0.1F to DGND. MUTE 20 14 VOLDN 21 15 VOLUP 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 BALL BALR DGND VLOGIC 26 20 27 21 Active-Low Shutdown Control Input. In shutdown mode, the MAX5406 stores every wiper's last position. Each wiper moves to the highest attenuation level of its corresponding potentiometer. SHDN Terminating shutdown mode restores every wiper to its previous setting. In shutdown, the MAX5406 does not acknowledge any pushbutton command. Active-Low Downward Bass Control Input. Press BASSDN to decrease bass boost. Bass boost emphasizes the signal's low-frequency components. BASSDN is internally pulled up with 50k to BASSDN VLOGIC. To implement a bass-boost button, connect BASSDN to BASSUP. Presses then toggle the state between flat and full bass boost on each button press. Active-Low Upward Bass Control Input. Press BASSUP to increase bass boost. Bass boost emphasizes the signal's low frequency components. BASSUP is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. To implement a bass-boost button, connect BASSUP to BASSDN. Presses then toggle the state between flat and full bass boost on each button press. 28 22 BASSUP 29 23 Active-Low Downward Treble Control Input. Press TREBDN to decrease the treble boost. Treble TREBDN boost emphasizes the signal's high-frequency components. TREBDN is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. TREBUP AMB Active-Low Upward Treble Control Input. Press TREBUP to increase the treble boost. Treble boost emphasizes the signal's high-frequency components. TREBUP is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. Active-Low Ambience Switch Control Input. Drive AMB low to toggle on/off the ambience function. AMB is internally pulled up with 50k to VLOGIC. Subwoofer Right-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Negative Terminal. Connect a capacitor between CRSN and CRSP to set the highpass cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details. Subwoofer Right-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Positive Terminal. Connect a capacitor between CRSP and CRSN to set the highpass cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details. Right-Channel Output 30 31 24 25 33 27 CRSN 34 35 28 29 CRSP ROUT 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface Pin Description (continued) PIN TSSOP 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 TQFN 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 NAME CBR2 CBR1 CTR2 CTR1 AMBRI LPR VDD R2_H R2_L R1_L R1_H CMSNS FUNCTION Right-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a nonpolorized capacitor between CBR2 and CBR1 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details. Right-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CBR1 and CBR2 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more detail. Right-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a capacitor between CTR2 and CTR1 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details. Right-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CTR1 and CTR2 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details. Ambience Right-Channel Input. AMBRI provides the proper ambient effect at ROUT based on the gain between LPR and AMBRI. See the Ambience Control section for more details. Left Plus Right Output Signal. LPR output provides a signal that is a combination of the left and right input signals. See the Ambience Control section for more details. Positive Analog Supply Voltage. Bypass with a 0.1F capacitor to system analog ground. Right-Channel High Terminal 2. Connect the source between R2_H and R2_L for differential signal. Connect the source to R2_H and tie R2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Right-Channel Low Terminal 2. Connect the source between R2_H and R2_L for differential signal. Connect R2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Right-Channel Low Terminal 1. Connect the source between R1_H and R1_L for differential signal. Connect R1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Right-Channel High Terminal 1. Connect the source between R1_H and R1_L for differential signal. Connect the source to R1_H and tie R1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals. Common-Mode Voltage Sense. Connect to VDD to disable the internal bias generator and drive BIAS with external source to set output DC level. Internally Generated Bias Voltage. Connect CMSNS to VSS to enable the internally generated VBIAS. VBIAS = (VDD + VSS) / 2. Connect a 0.1F capacitor between BIAS and system analog ground as close to the device as possible. Do not use BIAS to drive external circuitry. MAX5406 48 42 BIAS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 LMR AMBLI VDD CBL1 CBL2 CTL1 CTL2 L1_H RF FILTER L1_L L2_H RF FILTER L2_L CBIAS CMSNS BIAS BIAS GENERATOR LEFT AMBIENCE SWITCH LEFT LOG POT CONTROLLED BY AMB BASS/TREBLE OUTPUT STAGE SEE FIGURE 7 LOUT CLSP CLSN RLS R1_H RF FILTER R1_L R2_H R2_L RF FILTER RIGHT AMBIENCE SWITCH CONTROLLED BY AMB RRS SUBOUT RSUB CSUB CRSN CRSP BASS/TREBLE OUTPUT STAGE SEE FIGURE 7 MAX5406 RIGHT LOG POT ROUT DIGITAL INTERFACE LPR DGND VSS SHDN AMB BALR VOLUP BASSUP TREBUP CBR1 CBR2 CTR1 CTR2 AMBRI VLOGIC MUTE BALL VOLDN BASSDN TREBDN Figure 1. Block Diagram Detailed Description The MAX5406 implements dual logarithmic potentiometers to control volume, dual potentiometers to control balance, and dual linear digital potentiometers to set the tone (Figure 1). A debounced pushbutton interface is provided to control the audio-processor settings. The MAX5406 provides differential buffered inputs with RF 14 filters to maximize noise reduction and a mixer to produce an equal amount of left and right input channels. In addition to a differential output, the MAX5406 provides a monophonic output at SUBOUT for systems with a subwoofer. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Table 1. Wiper Action vs. Pushbutton Contact Duration CONTACT DURATION t < tLPW tLPW t 1s 1s t < 4s t 4s WIPER ACTION No motion (debouncing) (Figures 2a and 2b) Wiper changes position once (Figures 2a and 2b) Wiper changes position at a rate of 4Hz (Figure 3) Wiper changes position at a rate of 16Hz (Figure 3) Table 2. Attenuator Position For Volume Potentiometers POSITION 0 1 2 ..... 10 ( Power-on state) ..... 30 31 32 (Mute) ATTENUATION (dB) 0 2 4 ..... 20 ..... 60 62 > 90 Up/Down Interface The MAX5406 features independent control inputs for volume, balance, ambience, and tone control. All control inputs are internally debounced for use with momentary contact SPST switches. All switch inputs are pulled up to VLOGIC through 50k resistors. The wiper setting advances once per button press held for up to 1s (see Figures 2a and 2b). Maxim's SmartWiper control circuitry allows the wiper to advance at a rate of 4Hz when an input is held low from 1s up to 4s, and at a rate of 16Hz if the contact is maintained for greater than 4s without the need of a P (see Figure 3 and Table 1). The MAX5406 ignores multiple buttons being pressed. A P can also be used to control the MAX5406. Volume Control The MAX5406 implements dual logarithmic potentiometers for volume control that change the sound level by 2dB per button push (see Table 2). In volume-control mode, the MAX5406's wipers move up and down together (see Figure 4). The balance is unaffected (see the Balance Control section). Left and right balance settings are maintained when adjusting the volume. Balance Control In balance-control mode, the MAX5406 uses dual potentiometers to control balance for the left and right channels. Pressing BALR increases the right channel wiper by 1dB and decreases the left channel by 1dB. This causes the right channel to sound louder than the left channel by 2dB. The overall volume remains constant when adjusting the balance (Figure 5). Volume and Balance Interaction Volume and balance operation is simple. However, there are some interactions that occur at the extreme wiper positions. These interactions are described in this section of the data sheet. When the volume setting is at the maximum level, the first command to move the balance toward the left channel forces the right channel to decrease by 1dB. Subsequent pressing of BALL causes the right channel to decrease by 2dB. At this position, shown in the right column of Figure 6a, the left-channel volume is maximum, but the actual separation between L and R is 3dB. At this position, pressing VOLDN restores the actual balance setting only after VOLDN is pressed at least half as many times as BALL was (previously) pressed (shown in the middle and right column of Figure 6b) to increase the right-channel balance. The volume and balance interaction is similar when volume setting is at the minimum level. Tone Control The MAX5406 implements a linear potentiometer to control the bass and treble over a range of 10dB using the recommended component values. Note that the actual response achieved is determined by the values of both external and internal components and the design equations are somewhat interactive. Use the values shown in the Electrical Characteristics as a good starting point for choosing component values. These components yield shelf turnovers at 100Hz (bass) and 10kHz (treble) with a total 10dB of boost at 100Hz and 10kHz. The shoulder or flat portion of the response is centered on 1kHz. The circuit in Figure 7 shows the internal structure of the tone-control system should modification to the 15 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 tWS VOLUP tLPW WIPER MOTION Figure 2a. Single-Pulse Input tLPW VOLUP tHPW VIH VIL WIPER MOTION Figure 2b. Repetitive Input-Pulse Separation Time tA2 tA1 VOLUP VIH VIL WIPER MOTION 1 fA1 1 fA1 1 fA2 1 fA2 1 fA2 1 fA2 Figure 3. Accelerated Wiper Motion 16 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 BALANCE SEPARATION MAINTAINED L R PRESS VOLUP TWICE L R PRESS VOLDN ONCE L R Figure 4. Basic Volume-Control Operation VOLUME LEVEL IS SET L R 1dB PER STEP PRESS BALR ONCE L R 1dB PER STEP PRESS BALR ONCE L R 1dB PER STEP Figure 5. Basic Balance-Control Operation VOLUME LEVEL IS AT MAXIMUM L R 1dB PER STEP PRESS BALL ONCE L R 2dB PER STEP PRESS BALL AGAIN L R a) 1dB PER STEP TO 6b L R 2dB PER STEP PRESS VOLDN ONCE L R 2dB PER STEP PRESS VOLDN ONCE BALANCE COMPENSATION ENDS L R b) 2dB PER STEP FROM 6a Figure 6. Volume and Balance Interaction response curve be desired. A combination of internal resistors and external capacitors determine the response of the circuit. Use the following equations to calculate the external capacitor values for the desired 3dB frequencies: fBASS(3dB) = 1 2 x RBPOT x CB _ where R BPOT , nominally 116k, is the bass potentiometer (see Figure 7). f TREBLE(3dB) = 1 2 x R T x C T _ where RT is nominally 3.5k (see Figure 7). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 C_SP CB_ CB_1 40k 116k CB_2 40k +1 +1 -1 BUFFER INPUT BASS POT LMR +2 CT_1 CT_ TREBLE POT CT_2 TO BIAS _OUT AMBLI AMBRI Figure 8. Matrix Surround Configuration 3.5k 17k 3.5k +1 +1 -1 Figure 7. Bass/Treble Output Stage LMR Alternatively, the following formulas can be used to calculate and design for the bass and treble turnover frequencies: fBASS( TURNOVER) = 1 2 x RB x CB _ AMBIENCE NETWORK AMBLI AMBRI Figure 9. Ambience Filter +1 +1 -1 where RB is nominally 40k (see Figure 7). f TREBLE( TURNOVER) = 1 2 x (R T + RB ) x C T _ LPR PSEUDOSTEREO NETWORK AMBLI AMBRI Figure 10. Pseudostereo Filter Tables 3 and 4 show the effects of the external bass and treble capacitance on the maximum output attentuation. Table 3. Effect of Base Tone Control Capacitor (CB_) on Bass Boost/Bass Cut at 100Hz CB_ (nF) 0.00 0.47 1.80 2.20 2.70 3.30 4.70 6.80 8.20 CUT (dB) -11.79 -11.25 -11.05 -10.95 -10.85 -10.60 -10.57 -10.10 -9.66 BOOST (dB) 11.81 11.26 11.08 10.96 10.86 10.62 10.55 10.15 9.66 Table 4. Effect of Treble Tone Control Capacitor (CT_) on Treble Boost/Treble Cut at 10kHz CT_ (nF) 0.47 1.80 2.20 2.70 3.30 4.70 6.80 8.20 Open CUT (dB) -7.80 -12.55 -12.89 -13.15 -13.33 -13.55 -13.59 -13.61 -13.79 BOOST (dB) 7.66 12.58 12.95 13.18 13.34 13.58 13.61 13.63 13.75 18 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 SWITCH SWITCH CONTACT CONTACT IS BOUNCING IS STABLE SWITCH CONTACT IS BOUNCING PUSHBUTTON PRESSED 1 READY TO ACCEPT ANOTHER BUTTON PRESS INPUT ACCEPTED 0 tHPW tLPW tWS WAIT FOR DEBOUNCE BY FIRST ZERO WAITING FOR CROSSING OR STABLE LOW, TIMEOUT, tWS tLPW DEBOUNCE BY WAITING FOR STABLE HIGH, tHPW L1_H L1_L WIPER MOVES HERE (tLPW + tWS) Figure 11a. Wiper Transition Timing Diagram (No Zero Crossing Detected) Ambience Control Use the ambience function for boom boxes, headphones, desktop speakers, or other audio products where the speakers are physically close together. A stereo signal is designed to be played over speakers that have a wide physical separation. The ears and brain combine the sound from these two sources to create a perception of sounds distributed in space. In the case of headphones, this wide physical separation does not exist, resulting in the sound apparently coming from somewhere inside the head. A similar situation exists when the speakers are not widely separated, for example when they are located on a desk or inside a single enclosure. One way to compensate for this is to increase the apparent separation of the L and R signals arithmetically. The L and R signals can be modeled as a channel-specific component added to a monocomponent. To emphasize the channel-specific component, one needs to remove the opposite channel-specific component from the monocomponent. This function is accomplished with circuitry inside the MAX5406 and external network. Control the ambience effect with the AMB button that toggles between wide (full effect) and normal (no ambience effect). Use the following equations for matrix surround (fixed ambience): ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 SWITCH SWITCH CONTACT CONTACT IS BOUNCING IS STABLE SWITCH CONTACT IS BOUNCING PUSHBUTTON PRESSED 1 READY TO ACCEPT ANOTHER BUTTON PRESS INPUT ACCEPTED 0 tHPW tLPW tWS WAIT FOR DEBOUNCE BY FIRST ZERO WAITING FOR CROSSING, tWS STABLE LOW, tIPW DEBOUNCE BY WAITING FOR STABLE HIGH, tHPW WIPER MOVES HERE WIPER MOTION Figure 11b. Wiper Transition Timing Diagram (Zero Crossing Detected) (LIN - RIN ) 4 (LIN - RIN ) ROUT = RIN - FR(S) x 4 LOUT = LIN + FL(S) x L -R where IN IN is the signal at LMR. 4 When FL(S) and FR(S) = 2 (LMR, AMBLI, and AMBRI are connected with the multiplier network of Figure 8), the equations become: 3 1 LIN - RIN 2 2 3 1 ROUT = RIN - LIN 2 2 LOUT = Use a passive filter network as shown in Figure 9 to filter and delay the LMR signal in more advanced applications. 20 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface Pseudostereo Pseudostereo creates a sound approximating stereo from a monophonic signal. Use the equations for pseudostereo response calculations: (LIN + RIN ) 4 (LIN + RIN ) ROUT = RIN - FR(S) x 4 LOUT = LIN + FL(S) x L +R where IN IN are the signals at LPR. 4 Connect a pseudostereo network (FL(S) and FR(S)) as shown in Figure 10 to filter and delay the LPR signal and create the pseudo signal. LEFT CHANNEL INPUT CLSP CCLS CLSN RLS VBIAS SUBOUT MAX5406 RRS RSUB CCSUB CSUB CRSN RIGHT CHANNEL INPUT CCRS CRSP Click/Pop Suppression The click/pop suppression feature reduces the audible noise (clicks and pops) that results from wiper transitions. The MAX5406 minimizes this noise by allowing the wiper position changes only when the potential across the pot is zero. Thus, the wiper changes position only when the voltage at L_ is the same as the voltage at the corresponding H_. Each wiper has its own suppression and timeout circuitry (see Figure 11a). The MAX5406 changes wiper position after 32ms or when high = low, whichever occurs first (see Figure 11b). Figure 12. Subwoofer Output Stage MUTE is internally pulled high with a 50k resistor to VLOGIC. Multiple Button Pushes The MAX5406 ignores simultaneous presses of two or more buttons. Pushing more than one button at the same time does not change the state of the wipers. Additionally, further key presses are ignored for 50ms after all keys have been released. The MAX5406 does not respond to any logic input until the blocking period ends. Power-On Reset The MAX5406 initiates power-on reset when V LOGIC falls below 2.2V and returns to normal operation when VLOGIC = +2.7V. A power-on reset places the volume in the mute (-90dB) state and volume wipers gradually move to -20dB over a period of 0.7s in 2dB steps if no zero-crossing event is detected. All other controls remain in the 0dB position. Bias Generator The MAX5406 generates a midrail, (VDD + VSS) / 2 bias voltage, for use with the input amplifiers. For normal single-supply operation and single-ended signals, connect R1_L, L1_L, R2_L, and L2_L to VBIAS and VSS to ground. Enable the VBIAS generator by connecting CMSNS to VSS or leave CMSNS unconnected. Disable the VBIAS generator by forcing CMSNS to VDD. For proper operation, do not use VBIAS to power other circuitry. Shutdown (SHDN) The MAX5406 stores the current wiper setting of each potentiometer in shutdown mode. The wipers move to the mute position to minimize the signal out of LOUT and ROUT. Returning from shutdown mode restores all wipers to their previous settings. Button presses in shutdown are ignored. Mute Function (MUTE) The MAX5406 features a mute function that sets the volume typically 90dB attenuation relative to full scale. Successive pulses on MUTE toggle its setting. Activating the mute function forces all wipers to the low side of the potentiometer chain. Deactivating the mute function returns the wipers to their previous settings. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 21 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Subwoofer Output The subwoofer output of the MAX5406 combines and filters the left and right inputs for output to a subwoofer. Choose the capacitor values to set the bandpass filter to frequencies between 15Hz and 100Hz. Figure 12 shows the subwoofer output stage configuration. The subwoofer output is a monophonic signal produced by adding the left and the right input signals. The amplifier of the subwoofer output stage produces a bandpass response. Use the following formulas to determine the cutoff frequencies for the bandpass filter: fHIGHPASS = fLOWPASS = 1 2 x x R _ S x CC _ S 1 2 x x RCSUB x CCSUB Applications Information Bass Boost Some simple products may not need a variable bass tone control. It may be desirable for such products to have a bass-boost pushbutton. Tie BASSUP and BASSDN together to provide a bass-boost feature. When tied together, the bass boost is toggled between 0dB and maximum by pressing BASSUP or BASSDN. Unequal Source Levels Audio sources input to the MAX5406 may not have the same full-scale voltage swings. Use a resistor in series with the higher voltage swing input source to reduce the gain for that input. For example, to reduce the gain by half, add a 10k resistor in series with L1_H and R1_H, and a 20k in series with L1_L and R1_L. where R_S is RLS or RRS and has the nominal value of 13.8k, RCSUB has the nominal value of 10.6k, and CC_S is CCLS or CCRS. The external capacitors are as shown in Figure 12. Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS 22 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface Pin Configurations TOP VIEW CBIAS VSS L1_H L1_L L2_L L2_H LMR AMBLI CTL1 CTL2 CBL1 CBL2 LOUT CLSN CLSP SUBOUT CSUB I.C. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 48 47 46 BIAS CMSNS R1_H MAX5406 AMBRI CTR1 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 R2_L R2_H VDD LPR AMBRI CTR1 CTR2 CBR1 CBR2 ROUT CRSP CRSN I.C. AMB TREBUP TREBDN BASSUP BASSDN SHDN VLOGIC 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 VDD LPR MAX5406 45 R1_L CTR2 TOP VIEW CRSP CRSN I.C. AMB CBR1 CBR2 ROUT R2_H R2_L R1_L R1_H CMSNS BIAS CBIAS VSS L1_H L1_L L2_L L2_H 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 24 23 22 21 20 19 TREBUP TREBDN BASSUP BASSDN SHDN VLOGIC DGND BALR BALL VOLUP VOLDN MUTE MAX5406 18 17 16 15 14 13 LOUT CLSN CLSP SUBOUT CSUB LMR AMBLI CTL1 CTL2 CBL1 CBL2 MUTE 19 VOLDN 20 VOLUP 21 BALL 22 BALR 23 DGND 24 TQFN TSSOP ______________________________________________________________________________________ I.C. 23 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Typical Application Circuit CBIAS VDD X2 ( AMBLI CBIAS VDD + VSS 2 BIAS ) VSS CMSNS VDD X2 CELL PHONE, MP3, OR ACCESSORY CONNECTORS STEREO IN1 LMR L1_H R1_H MUTE AMB LPR AMBRI LOUT MAX9761 BTL LEFT SPEAKER RIGHT SPEAKER VDD ROUT VOLDN BTL VLOGIC DGND CCTR SHDN CTR1 CTR2 CTL1 CCTL CCSUB STEREO IN2 (AUX) CTL2 CSUB SUBOUT L2_H R2_H VOLUP MAX5406 BALL BALR TREBDN TREBUP BASSDN BASSUP LEFT SENSE RIGHT STEREO HEADPHONE JACK DGND VSS CBR1 CBR2 CBL1 CBL2 CRSP CRSN CLSP CLSN DGND VLOGIC * +2.7V TO VDD CCBR CCBL CCRS CCLS *OPTIONAL TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT SHOWS MAX5406 INTERNAL BIAS VOLTAGE OPERATION AND AUXILLIARY INPUT MIXING. 24 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) MAX5406 E E/2 DETAIL A (NE-1) X e k e D/2 D (ND-1) X e C L D2 D2/2 b L E2/2 DETAIL B e L k C L E2 C L C L L1 L e e L A1 A2 A PACKAGE OUTLINE 32, 44, 48, 56L THIN QFN, 7x7x0.8mm 21-0144 E 1 2 PACKAGE OUTLINE 32, 44, 48, 56L THIN QFN, 7x7x0.8mm 21-0144 E 2 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 32, 44, 48L QFN.EPS 25 Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface MAX5406 Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) N MARKING AAA A E H 123 TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW SEE DETAIL A b A1 A2 e D SEATING PLANE A C L c END VIEW SIDE VIEW ( ) PARTING LINE b b1 WITH PLATING 0.25 L DETAIL A c1 BASE METAL c NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS D & E ARE REFERENCE DATUMS AND DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 2. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED 0.15MM ON D SIDE, AND 0.25MM ON E SIDE. 3. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 4. THIS PART IS COMPLIANT WITH JEDEC SPECIFICATION MO-153, VARIATIONS, ED (48L), EE (56L). 5. "N" REFERS TO NUMBER OF LEADS. 6. THE LEAD TIPS MUST LIE WITHIN A SPECIFIED ZONE. THIS TOLERANCE ZONE IS DEFINED BY TWO PARALLEL PLANES. ONE PLANE IS THE SEATING PLANE, DATUM (-C-), THE OTHER PLANE IS AT THE SPECIFIED DISTANCE FROM (-C-) IN THE DIRECTION INDICATED. 7. MARKING IS FOR PACKAGE ORIENTATION REFERENCE ONLY. 8. NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY. SECTION C-C PACKAGE OUTLINE, 48 & 56L TSSOP, 6.1mm BODY 21-0155 C 1 1 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 26 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2006 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Boblet 48L TSSOP.EPS |
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